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Situation

Surface vs. minerals, pipelines and lease roads: selling Texas land with other people's rights on it

In much of Texas the land you can walk on and the minerals under it belong to different people, and a pipeline company may own a strip across both. None of that stops a sale; it just has to be known.

Updated October 2026

Surface and minerals

A prior owner may have sold the land and reserved the minerals, or sold the minerals separately. The deed records show which. If you own only the surface, the mineral owner (or their lessee) has the right to use a reasonable part of the surface to produce; that's Texas law and it affects price. If you own the minerals, they're a separate asset you can sell with the land or keep.

Easements

Pipeline, powerline, lease-road and water-line easements are recorded and show on a survey. They reduce usable area and sometimes restrict building, and a buyer prices around them. The Railroad Commission's public map shows wells and pipelines on and near a parcel.

What to tell the buyer

Whether you own minerals (if you know), whether there's a current oil and gas lease paying royalties, and anything on the land that isn't yours: a well pad, a tank battery, a pipeline marker. The buyer will check all of it; saying it first just makes the offer faster.

Questions people ask

I don't know if I own the minerals.

That's common. The county deed records and a title search answer it; tell the buyer you're not sure and let the title company find out.

Can I keep the minerals and sell the surface?

Yes, by reservation in the deed. Say so up front; it changes the price and some buyers won't take surface-only.

There's an active well on the land.

It sells with the surface subject to the lease. The operator's rights continue after closing.

Related

Get a written, no-obligation offer on your land within days

You get a call within 24 hours, usually the same day. One Texas land buyer checks the parcel and gives you a written offer with a closing date. No survey, no clean-up, no commission, no fee to you, and no list of companies calling. Buyers in this network typically pay the closing costs; the written offer spells out exactly what they cover.

  • 1. Tell us the county, the kind of land and the situation. Two minutes.
  • 2. You get a call within 24 hours. Your request goes to one Texas land buyer, not to a list.
  • 3. They check the parcel and put the offer in writing. Take it, or take it to a land broker and compare.

A cash as-is offer is below full market value. We say that up front because the buyer will too.

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